Introduction:
In this blog I provide past years questions of Microbes in Human
Welfare for Mht cet. With proper solution with simply language.
Previous chapter link given below
(2)solid state
(5)Biology
(1) Competition between cow, horse and der for getting grass as food is called. [ Mht cet 2019]
(A)Environmental struggle
(B)Interspecific struggle
(C)Prodigality of production
(D)Intraspecific struggle
Ans:
Competition is a type of negative interaction between individuals. Intraspecific competition or struggle is an interaction in which the members of the same species compete for limited resources. This leads to a reduction in fitness for both individuals. Interspecific competition or struggle is competitions between members of different species in an ecology.
that's why option (d) is right
(2) Idlies become puffy because
[Mht cet 2019]
(A) Bubbles of CO2, trapped in glutein
(B) Bubbles of O, trapped in glutein
(C)Bubbles of NO% trapped in glutein
(D)Bubbles of Ha trapped in glutein
Ans:
right option (a) is right
(3) In the process of sewage treatment, the activated sludge is digested by.
[mht cet 2019]
(A)Fungi
(B) anaerobic bacteria
(C)aerobic bacteria
(D)Viruses
Ans:
right option is (c).
(4) VAM is a type of. [ Mht cet2019]
(A)Ectomycorhiza
(B) Bioinsecticide
(C)Endomycorrhiza
(D)Bioherbicde
Ans:
vam is type of Endomycorrhiza
that's why option (c) is right
(5) Which one of the following is NOT a microbial pesticide?
[MH-CET 2019]
(A)Nosema locustae
(B)Phytophthora palmivora
(C)Bacillus thuringiesnsis
(D)Beauveria bassiana
Ans:
correct option is (b) is right
(6) Dr Alexander Fleming discovered antibiotics when he was working with the bacterium. [Mht cet 2019]
(A)Agrobacterium
(B) Staphylococcus
(C)Pseudomonas
(D)Xanthomonas
Ans:
right option is (b)
(7)Which of the following is an algal source of SCP? [ Mht cet 2017]
(A) bacillus
(B)Chlorella
(C)Candida
(D)Saccharomyces
Ans:
Single cell protein is a protein obtained from pure or mixed cultures of algae, bacteria etc. that have 30-70% of protein content in their dry mass. SCP are rich is a rich source of protein (60-72%), vitamins, amino acids, minerals and crude fibers. Hence they are extensively used as food. There are many organisms which are used for the production of SCP. They are Chlorella, Spirulina and Chlamydomonas
that's why option (b) is right
(8) Which one of the following is NOT a bacterial herbicide? [Mht cet 2017]
(A)Agrobacterium sp.
(B)Pseudomonas sp.
(C) Xanthomonas sp.
(D)Fusarium sp.
Ans:
Fusarium sp. is a disease-causing pathogen of plants as well as humans. This pathogen causes a disease in banana called Fusarium wilt.It is an opportunistic pathogen in humans. This organism has also been used as a bioweapon.
that's why option (d) is right
(9) In biogas plant, the role of acidogenic bacteria is to [Mht cet 2018]
(A)Convert monomers to complex polymers
(B)Convert monomers to organic acids
(C)Digest fungi in the sludge
(D)Transform acetic acid to biogas
Ans:
There are anaerobic bacteria which are responsible for converting organic acids to methane. These anaerobic bacterial species can perform decomposition in absence of oxygen. There are acidogenic bacteria which converts the sugars, amino acids and fatty acids to acids. This acids are converted to acetic acid by the acetogenic bacteria. The methanogenic bacteria can convert the acetic acid to methane
(10) Identify the WRONG statement regarding the process in sewage treatment. [ MH-CET 2018]
(A)Primary treatment is a physical process
(B) Secondary treatment is a biological process
(C)The BOD of effluent increases after secondary treatment
(D) The tanks used for tertiary treatment are anaerobic sludge digesters
Ans:
Secondary treatment is also called biological treatment or microbial degradation. It is mainly a biological process. Biogas is a mixture of gases, containing predominantly methane (50-70%), CO2 (30-40%) and traces of hydrogen, H2S and nitrogen.
that's why option (b) is right
(11) Given below are some antibiotics and their microbial souroe. Match the correct pairs. [MH-CET 2016]
a) Streptomyces griseus
1) Chloromycetin
b) Penicillium chrysogenum
2) Erythromycin
) Streptomyces erythreus
3) Penicillin
d) Streptomyces venezuelae
4) Streptomycin
(A)1-d,2-c,3-b,4-a
(B)1-a, 2-b, 3-c, 4-d
(C)1-c,2-a,3-d,4-b
(D)1-b, 2-d,3-a, 4-c
Ans:
Chloromycetin is obtained from Streptomyces venezuelae.
Erythromycin is obtained from Streptomyces erythreus.
Penicillin is obtained from Penicillium chrysogenum.
Streptomycin is obtained from Streptomyces griseus.
that's why option (a) is right
(12) Which one of the following processes involved in alcohol production is NOT involved in wine
production? [Mht cet 2016]
(A)Distillation
(B)Fermentation
(C) Mashing
(D)Malting
Ans:
D)Distillation is the action of purifying a liquid by a process of heating and cooling.
So, the correct answer is 'Distillation'
that's why option (a) is right.
(13) In Aulosira, Tolypothrix and Nostoc, [Mht cet 2017]
(A)heterocysts
(B)akinetes
(C) arbuscles
(D)vesicles
Ans:
Heterocyst is transparent thick walled empty cell which is present in intermittent position in filaments of blue green algae. They are the site of nitrogen fixation. Aulosira, Tolypothrix and Nostoc are the blue green algae wherein heterocyst serves as site for nitrogen fixation
that's why option (a) is right
(14) The CO2 content in biogas ranges from. [Mht cet 2017]
(A)15-45%
(B)70-80%
(C)10-14%
(D)50-60%
Ans:
Biogas is a gaseous fuel that is a mixture of different gasses produced by the breakdown of organic matter such as domestic and animal waste anaerobically. This fuel mainly consists of methane, carbon dioxide, sulfide, and hydrogen. The composition of carbon dioxide is around 35%.
that's why option (a) is right.
(15) Which of the following is a BGA?
[Mht cet 2015]
(A)Azotobacter
(B)Clostridium
(C)Rhizobium
(D)Anabaena
Ans:
The prokaryotes are the primitive form of organisms which do not have the membrane-bound organelles. There do not have a well-developed nucleus and other developed cellular structures. Blue-green algae is commonly known as the Cyanobacteria. These are prokaryotic organisms and so, placed in this group.
(16) Which cell in cyanobacteria performs nitrogen fixation
[Mht cet 2015]
(A)nodule
(B) filament
(C) akanite
(D)heterocysts
Ans:
option (d) is right
(17) Which one of the following is NOT a mycoberbicide? [ Mht cet 2015]
(A) Xanthomonas sp.
(B)Phytophthora palmivora
(C)Fusarium sp.
(D)Alternaria crassa
Ans:
Mycoherbicides are pathogenic fungi. Their products are used to eliminate herbal weeds as they are pathogenic to weeds growing in crop field.
Xanthomonas species is not a mycoherbicide as it is bacterial species.
that's why option (a) is right
(18) The microbe Pseudomonas denitrificans produces Vitamin
[Mht cet 2015]
(A)B2
(B)B12
(C)D
(D)K
Ans:
Pseudomonas denitrificans is also used for large scale production of vitamin B12. Pseudomonas denitrificans is exclusively used as an industrial strain for the production of vitamin B12 under aerobic conditions.
that's why option (b) is right
(19) During Biogas production acetic acid is transformed into the final product by the enzymes of
[MH-CET 2015]
(A)Methanobacillus
(B)Penicillium
(C) Pseudomonas
(D)Clostridium
Ans:
the third group, methanogenic bacteria convert H2, CO2, and acetate, to CH4 and CO2.
that's why option (a) is right.
(20) The initial step in preparation of beer is. [Mht cet 2016]
(A)distillation
(B) clarification
(C) carboxylation
(D) maltin
Ans:
Brewing is the production of beer from a starch source in water and fermenting the resulting sweet liquid with yeast. Malting is the first step in beer-brewing. Malting is the process where barley grain is made ready for brewing.
So, the correct answer is 'Malting'
that's why option (d) is right
(21) Which one of the following is the CORRECT order of conversion of waste materials during
biogas formation? [MH-CET 2016]
(A)Monomers polymers methane organic acids
(B) Organic acids methane polymers monomers
(C)Methane organic acids polymers monomers
(D)Polymers monomers organic acids methane
Ans:
Biogas is made from the microbial degradation of organic matter under anaerobic conditions. The organic matter is present in the form of polymers which includes carbohydrates, fats and proteins. These are broken down into monomers such as sugars, fatty acids and amino acids respectively. The next step is acidogenesis and acetogenesis in which small inorganic acids are formed. The final step is methanogenesis resulting in the formation of biogas that is a mixture of gasses such methane and carbon dioxide. This biogas can be used as fuel for various processes.
that's why option (d) is right.
 years questions of entrance exam by masyerstudytip){kind=link}
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